环境说明
| 主机名 |
IP |
说明 |
| server |
172.16.10.10 |
服务端 |
| client |
172.16.10.100 |
客户端 |
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<span class="line">[root@server ~]<span class="comment"># uname -a</span></span>
<span class="line">Linux server 2.6.32-573.22.1.el6.x86_64 <span class="comment">#1 SMP Wed Mar 23 03:35:39 UTC 2016 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux</span></span>
<span class="line">[root@server ~]<span class="comment"># cat /etc/redhat-release </span></span>
<span class="line">CentOS release 6.7 (Final)</span>
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配置rsync服务
rsync服务端配置在172.16.10.10服务器上面。
安装rsync服务
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<span class="line">[root@server ~]<span class="comment"># yum -y install rsync</span></span>
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添加rsync服务的用户
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<span class="line">[root@server ~]<span class="comment"># useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin rsync</span></span>
<span class="line">[root@server ~]<span class="comment"># id rsync</span></span>
<span class="line">uid=501(rsync) gid=501(rsync) groups=501(rsync)</span>
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创建/etc/rsyncd.conf配置文件
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<span class="line">[root@server ~]<span class="comment"># vim /etc/rsyncd.conf</span></span>
<span class="line"><span class="comment">#rsync_config_______________start</span></span>
<span class="line">uid = rsync <span class="comment">#指定用户</span></span>
<span class="line">gid = rsync <span class="comment">#指定组</span></span>
<span class="line">use chroot = no</span>
<span class="line">max connections = 200 <span class="comment">#最大链接数</span></span>
<span class="line">timeout = 300 <span class="comment">#超时时间</span></span>
<span class="line">pid file = /var/run/rsyncd.pid <span class="comment">#PID存放路径</span></span>
<span class="line">lock file = /var/run/rsync.lock <span class="comment">#锁文件</span></span>
<span class="line"><span class="built_in">log</span> file = /var/<span class="built_in">log</span>/rsyncd.log <span class="comment">#日志文件存放路径</span></span>
<span class="line">[ansheng] <span class="comment">#模块，链接的标签</span></span>
<span class="line">path = /ansheng/ <span class="comment">#共享的路径</span></span>
<span class="line">ignore errors <span class="comment">#忽略错误</span></span>
<span class="line"><span class="built_in">read</span> only = <span class="literal">false</span> <span class="comment">#只读为假，可写</span></span>
<span class="line">list = <span class="literal">false</span> <span class="comment">#不允许远程列表，不能看文件内容</span></span>
<span class="line">hosts allow = 172.16.10.0/24 <span class="comment">#允许</span></span>
<span class="line">hosts deny = 0.0.0.0/32 <span class="comment">#拒绝</span></span>
<span class="line">auth users = rsync_backup <span class="comment">#虚拟用户</span></span>
<span class="line">secrets file = /etc/rsync.password <span class="comment">#密码文件存放路径 user:password</span></span>
<span class="line"><span class="comment">#rsync_config_______________end</span></span>
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生成密码文件
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<span class="line">[root@server ~]<span class="comment"># echo "rsync_backup:ansheng" > /etc/rsync.password</span></span>
<span class="line">[root@server ~]<span class="comment"># cat /etc/rsync.password</span></span>
<span class="line">rsync_backup:ansheng</span>
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为密码文件设置权限
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<span class="line">[root@server ~]<span class="comment"># chmod 600 /etc/rsync.password</span></span>
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创建共享的目录并授权rsync管理
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<span class="line">[root@server ~]<span class="comment"># mkdir /ansheng</span></span>
<span class="line">[root@server ~]<span class="comment"># chown -R rsync.rsync /ansheng/</span></span>
<span class="line">[root@server ~]<span class="comment"># ll -d /ansheng/</span></span>
<span class="line">drwxr-xr-x 2 rsync rsync 4096 Apr 26 14:19 /ansheng/</span>
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启动rsync服务并检查
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<span class="line">[root@server ~]<span class="comment"># rsync --daemon</span></span>
<span class="line">[root@server ~]<span class="comment"># ps -ef | grep "rsync" | grep -v "grep"</span></span>
<span class="line">root 1155 1 0 14:20 ? 00:00:00 rsync --daemon</span>
<span class="line">[root@server ~]<span class="comment"># netstat -tulnp | grep 873</span></span>
<span class="line">tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:873 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1155/rsync </span>
<span class="line">tcp 0 0 :::873 :::* LISTEN 1155/rsync</span>
<span class="line">[root@server ~]<span class="comment"># lsof -i :873</span></span>
<span class="line">COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME</span>
<span class="line">rsync 1155 root 4u IPv4 10943 0t0 TCP *:rsync (LISTEN)</span>
<span class="line">rsync 1155 root 5u IPv6 10944 0t0 TCP *:rsync (LISTEN)</span>
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加入开机自启动
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<span class="line">[root@server ~]<span class="comment"># echo "/usr/bin/rsync --daemon" >>/etc/rc.local</span></span>
<span class="line">[root@server ~]<span class="comment"># tail -1 /etc/rc.local </span></span>
<span class="line">/usr/bin/rsync --daemon</span>
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配置rsync客户端
客户端172.16.10.100配置rsync客户端实现推送功能。
生成链接服务器需要的密码文件
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<span class="line">[root@client ~]<span class="comment"># echo "ansheng" > /etc/rsync.password</span></span>
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设置密码文件权限
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<span class="line">[root@client ~]<span class="comment"># chmod 600 /etc/rsync.password</span></span>
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文件同步测试
拉取
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<span class="line">[root@client ~]<span class="comment"># rsync -avz rsync_backup@172.16.10.10::ansheng /rsync_client/ --password-file=/etc/rsync.password</span></span>
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推送
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<span class="line">[root@client ~]<span class="comment"># rsync -avz /tmp/ rsync://rsync_backup@172.16.10.10/ansheng/ --password-file=/etc/rsync.password</span></span>
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推送的时候排单个或多个文件
排除单个文件
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<span class="line">[root@client ~]<span class="comment"># rsync -avz --exclude=rsync_test.txt /tmp/ rsync_backup@172.16.10.10::ansheng --password-file=/etc/rsync.password</span></span>
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排除多个文件
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<span class="line">[root@client ~]<span class="comment"># rsync -avz --exclude={rsync_exclu.txt,rsync_test.txt} /tmp/ rsync_backup@172.16.10.10::ansheng --password-file=/etc/rsync.password</span></span>
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完全同步
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<span class="line">[root@client ~]<span class="comment"># rsync -avz --delete /rsync_client/ rsync_backup@172.16.10.10::ansheng --password-file=/etc/rsync.password</span></span>
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完全同步会把服务端和本地端的文件保持一致
通道模式
一般配合ssh key使用
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<span class="line">[root@client ~]<span class="comment"># rsync -avzP -e 'ssh -p 22' /etc root@172.16.10.10:/tmp</span></span>
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rsync客户端配置inotify
inotify监控rsync客户端上面的文件，一旦有变化就上传到rsync服务端。
查看当前系统是否支持inotify
在开始安装inotify-tools前请先确认你的Linux内核是否啊到了2.6.13，并且在编译时开启CONFIG_INOTIFY选项，也可以通过以下命令检测。
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<span class="line">[root@client ~]<span class="comment"># uname -r</span></span>
<span class="line">2.6.32-573.22.1.el6.x86_64</span>
<span class="line">[root@client ~]<span class="comment"># ls -l /proc/sys/fs/inotify/</span></span>
<span class="line">total 0</span>
<span class="line">-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Apr 26 14:42 max_queued_events</span>
<span class="line">-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Apr 26 14:42 max_user_instances</span>
<span class="line">-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Apr 26 14:42 max_user_watches</span>
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下载inotify源码包
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<span class="line">[root@client ~]<span class="comment"># cd /usr/local/src/</span></span>
<span class="line">[root@client src]<span class="comment"># wget http://github.com/downloads/rvoicilas/inotify-tools/inotify-tools-3.14.tar.gz</span></span>
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编译安装inotify
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<span class="line">[root@client src]<span class="comment"># tar xf inotify-tools-3.14.tar.gz </span></span>
<span class="line">[root@client src]<span class="comment"># cd inotify-tools-3.14</span></span>
<span class="line">[root@client inotify-tools-3.14]<span class="comment"># ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/inotify-tools-3.14</span></span>
<span class="line">[root@client inotify-tools-3.14]<span class="comment"># make && make install</span></span>
<span class="line">[root@client inotify-tools-3.14]<span class="comment"># cd ../</span></span>
<span class="line">[root@client src]<span class="comment"># ln -s /usr/local/inotify-tools-3.14 /usr/local/inotify</span></span>
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<span class="line">[root@client src]<span class="comment"># cd /usr/local/inotify</span></span>
<span class="line">[root@client inotify]<span class="comment"># ll</span></span>
<span class="line">total 16</span>
<span class="line">drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 26 14:45 bin <span class="comment">#inotify执行命令（二进制）</span></span>
<span class="line">drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Apr 26 14:45 include <span class="comment">#inotify程序所需用的头文件</span></span>
<span class="line">drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 26 14:45 lib <span class="comment">#动态链接的库文件</span></span>
<span class="line">drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Apr 26 14:45 share <span class="comment">#帮助文档</span></span>
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脚本自动监控
当在/rsync_client目录下创建文件的时候会自动推送到rsync服务端
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<span class="line">[root@client ~]<span class="comment"># cat inotify.sh </span></span>
<span class="line"><span class="meta">#!/bin/bash</span></span>
<span class="line">/usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/inotify/bin/inotifywait -mrq --format <span class="string">'%w%f'</span> <span class="_">-e</span> create,close_write,delete /rsync_client \</span>
<span class="line">|<span class="keyword">while</span> <span class="built_in">read</span> file</span>
<span class="line"> <span class="keyword">do</span></span>
<span class="line"> <span class="built_in">cd</span> //rsync_client &&\</span>
<span class="line"> rsync -az ./ --delete rsync_backup@172.16.10.10::ansheng --password-file=/etc/rsync.password</span>
<span class="line"> don</span>
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